App. Res. of Comp. Accepted Paper
Vol. 43, 2026 No. 7

Vectorized optimization implementation of CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm based on LoongArch architecture

Lei Xiongwei1
Wang Lutao1
Shen Yan1
Zhao Yihui1
Chen Jun2
1. School of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu Sichuan 610225, China
2. School of Computer Engineering and Network Security, Guang'an Institute of Technology, Guang'an Sichuan 638550, China
DOI: 10.19734/j.issn.1001-3695.2025.09.0439

Abstract

To address the lack of efficient post-quantum cryptography implementations on the emerging domestic LoongArch architecture, a systematic vectorized optimization of the NIST-standardized CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm was conducted. This research leveraged the LSX/LASX vector extension instruction sets of LoongArch to develop and implement several key techniques: a four-way parallel strategy for the SHA-3 hash function (SHAKE) to accelerate pseudo-random data generation; a vector-mask-based parallel rejection sampling and centered binomial distribution (CBD) sampling algorithm to enhance sampling efficiency; in-place computation using vector registers for the core number theoretic transforms (FNTT/IFNTT) to eliminate redundant memory accesses; and a pre-multiplied rotation factor technique to optimize polynomial multiplication. Experimental results on the Loongson 3A5000 processor demonstrate that the optimized Kyber-512, Kyber-768, and Kyber-1024 implementations achieve an overall performance improvement of over 70% compared to the standard C implementation and approximately 40% compared to a translated AVX2 implementation for key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation. This work establishes an efficient and secure foundation for post-quantum cryptographic applications within the LoongArch ecosystem.

Foundation Support

国家自然科学基金资助项目(62172061)
四川省重大科技专项项目(25JBGS0039)

Publish Information

DOI: 10.19734/j.issn.1001-3695.2025.09.0439
Publish at: Application Research of Computers Accepted Paper, Vol. 43, 2026 No. 7

Publish History

[2026-03-05] Accepted Paper

Cite This Article

雷雄伟, 王录涛, 沈艳, 等. 基于LoongArch架构的CRYSTALS-Kyber算法向量优化实现 [J]. 计算机应用研究, 2026, 43 (7). (2026-03-24). https://doi.org/10.19734/j.issn.1001-3695.2025.09.0439. (Lei Xiongwei, Wang Lutao, Shen Yan, et al. Vectorized optimization implementation of CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm based on LoongArch architecture [J]. Application Research of Computers, 2026, 43 (7). (2026-03-24). https://doi.org/10.19734/j.issn.1001-3695.2025.09.0439. )

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  • Application Research of Computers Monthly Journal
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    CN  51-1196/TP

Application Research of Computers, founded in 1984, is an academic journal of computing technology sponsored by Sichuan Institute of Computer Sciences under the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province.

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